Module 4: Decision Making
`else if` Chains
Check more than two possible cases in a clear top-to-bottom order.
Author
Java Learner Editorial Team
Reviewer
Technical review by Java Learner
Last reviewed
2026-04-16
Java version
Java 25 LTS
Learning goals
- Write an `if` / `else if` / `else` chain
- Order conditions from most specific to least specific when needed
- Use chained logic for simple grading or categorization programs
Why this matters: Many beginner programs need more than a yes/no answer. Grades, menu categories, and age brackets all need multiple branches.
How the chain works: Java tests each condition in order and runs the first matching block. After one match, the rest of the chain is skipped.
Order matters: Put more specific or higher-priority conditions earlier when conditions could overlap.
Keep the chain readable: If the conditions become too many or too repetitive, that is a sign to simplify your logic or use a switch in some cases.
Runnable examples
Grade bands
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int score = 83;
if (score >= 90) {
System.out.println("A");
} else if (score >= 80) {
System.out.println("B");
} else if (score >= 70) {
System.out.println("C");
} else {
System.out.println("Below C");
}
}
}Expected output
B
Temperature categories
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int temperature = 28;
if (temperature >= 35) {
System.out.println("Hot");
} else if (temperature >= 20) {
System.out.println("Warm");
} else {
System.out.println("Cool");
}
}
}Expected output
Warm
Common mistakes
Putting a broader condition before a narrower one
Order your checks so earlier conditions do not accidentally catch later cases.
Mini exercise
Write an `else if` chain that prints a letter grade for a score from 0 to 100.
Summary
- `else if` lets you check multiple cases.
- Only the first matching branch runs.
Next step
Some multi-branch checks are clearer with `switch` instead of a long chain.
Sources used